Non Fossil Energy Capacity in India: India Ahead on the Path of Climate Sustainability
Non Fossil Energy Capacity in India – In November 2021, India achieved the target of installing 40% of its power capacity from non-fossil energy sources. India had pledged to achieve this target by 2030 under the Paris Agreement in 2015. However, the target was achieved 9 years ahead of the committed deadline.
What is Paris Agreement?
In 2015, 196 countries came together in Paris to agree and sign a legally binding international treaty on climate change. The objective of the treaty is to reduce the emission of gases contributing to global warming. The treaty aimed at preventing global temperatures from rising more than 2 degrees Celsius from the pre-industrial levels. The treaty came to effect on 4th November 2016.
What is non-fossil energy?
Initially, fossil fuels like gas, oil, and coal were used to generate electricity. However, these are non-renewable energy sources and cause environmental damage. Hence, to solve the problem of depleting fossil fuels, non-fossil fuels have been exploited to generate electricity. These include various energy sources like water, wind, sun, etc. According to the Paris agreement, countries have incorporated non-fossil fuels to generate electricity.
Non Fossil Energy Capacity in India
India’s Current Non-Fossil Energy Sources
Out of 392.01 GW of installed electricity capacity, 157.32 GW constitutes non-fossil energy sources. It includes:
- 48.55 GW – Solar Power
- 40.03 GW – Wind Power
- 46.51 – Large Hydro Power
- 10.62 – Bio-power
- 4.83 GW – Small Hydro Power
In addition to the above renewable energy, India also has 6.78 GW of Nuclear power electricity capacity.
Investment in the Sector
India was able to achieve this target due to high investment in this sector. The private sector invested $64.4 Billion between the years 2014-19. India also received $7.27 Billion from FDI between the years 2014-21.
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Non Fossil Energy Capacity in India
India’s Future Goals
In CoP26, Prime Minister Modi announced that India would achieve 500 GW of installed electricity energy from non-fossil fuels.
He also announced India would reduce its dependency on coal and adopt a net-zero target by 2070.
To attain the goals of managing climate change, India has taken various measures. Green Energy Corridor (GEC) projects were initiated. The first leg of the projects was completed in March 2020. Under it, 3200 circuit kilo meter transmission lines and 17,000 MVA capacity sub-stations were installed.
Under the second leg of the project, 9,700 ckm and 22,600 MVA capacity sub-stations will be completed by June 2022.
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Non Fossil Energy Capacity in India
India and Solar Energy
India achieved its goal of using 40% non-fossil energy sources by increasing the use of solar energy. In the past 7 years, the use of solar energy has increased over 18 times.
India has set the target of achieving 100 GW of energy from solar power by 2022.
Also, to achieve the target of 500 GW of non-fossil fuel energy by 2030, India aims to achieve 450 GW from solar and wind energy. The remaining energy would be generated by hydro-power.
Bhadla Solar Park generates the maximum solar power of 2,245 MW currently in India. New developments are being made to increase the efficiency of solar panels from 22% to 27%. Also, new solar energy plants are being developed to generate more solar energy in the coming years. This will further establish India’s lead in meeting Non-fossil energy generation goals.
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